Filter



(No Model.)

W. M. DEUTSCH.

i FILTER.

No. 482,436. Patented Sept. 13, 1892.

"isili jay/671,757@ ygewe WL' ,7%'9 D Z @f/wmw? UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

IVILLIAM M. DEUTSCH, OF ELIZABETH, NEIV JERSEY.

FILTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 482,436, datedSeptember 13, 1892.

Application filed April 19, 1889.

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM M. DEUTSCH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Elizabeth, county of Union, and State of New Jersey,haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Filters, 'fullydescribed and represented in the following specification and theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to improvements in filters.

IVith discharge-pipes as heretofore constructed and arranged in thefilter great difiicultyhas been experienced in cleansing the filter ofthe filth accumulating below the discharge-pipe, its complete removal bythe reverse current being practically impossible. This difficulty Iovercome by embedding the lower portion of the discharge-pipe in a bodyof cement or other suitable material and providing said pipe withopenings or slits upon its exposed or upper portion, the material inwhich the pipe is embedded preventing the accumulation of iilth belowthe discharge-pipe and the reverse current issuing through theseopenings in streams horizontally and vertically, removing all of thefilth accumulated about the discharge-pipe during the filteringoperation,

A full understanding of tlm invention can best be given by anillustration and a detailed description of a discharge-pipe for a filtercon structed according to the present invention. Such description willtherefore be given, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, inwhich-- Figure l is a horizontal section of an ordinary lter, showingthe discharge-pipe in plan View, a portion of one of the branches of thepipe being broken away to illustrate an improved means of closing theends of the discharge-pipe; and Fig. 2 is a cross-section of a modifiedform of discharge-pipe, which will be hereinafter referred to.

Referring to said figures, it is to be understood that A represents afilter-body of any suitable construction, and B the dischargepipeslocated at or near the bottom of the filter-bed to receive the waterafterit has passed through the bed and conduct it to the main sem No.307,812. oto modem outlet-pipe C. The pipes B are arranged insubstantially the manner of the pipes in the well-known Nationalfilter.The pipes B, instead of being provided with round or polygonalperforations, through which the water passes to enter the pipes, arepreferably provided with slits a of considerable length, said slitsbeing, as best shown in Fig. 2, exceedingly narrow where they openoutward through the pipes, so as to prevent the passage through them ofthe finer particles of the granular material constituting the bed, butHaring inward, so as to be of considerable width where they open to theinterior of the pipe. The apertures formed by the slits upon the outsideof the pipe are so narrow as to effectually prevent the passage throughthem of any of the material of the filter-bed; but itis found that byreason of the length of the slits and their peculiar formation, asdescribed, all tendency toward their becoming clogged by the Wedginginto them by the finer particles of the bed is avoided. The inward flaregiven to the slits also permits any fibrous or stringy material whichmay be carried into the iilter by the water and gradually worked throughthe bed and into the slits to be readily washed Iback out of the slitsby the reverse current of water in the operation of washing the bed.Though the pipe B has been described as a discharge-pipe, it is manifestthat it can also be used as a washing-pipe and that this function ofwashing may be its sole function, or may, as in the presentconstruction, be additional to its function as a discharge-pipe.

As shown, the discharge-pipe B has its lower portion embedded in cementor other suitable material D and is provided upon its exposed or upperportion with openings or with the slits c, as shown, through which thewater upon the reversal of the current to wash the bed passeshorizontally and upwardly into the tilpipe thereby rendered'perfect andbeing easily accomplished. Instead of providing the discharge-pipe withthe slits a, it may be provided with simple openings, if desired, inwhich case IOO it may, and preferably will, also be provided with aninner pipe h, as shown in Fig. 2, the space between the two pipes B hbeing filled with moderately-tine gravel or similar material, as shownin my prior Letters Patent, No. 355,004.

In the drawings (see Fig. l) I have also shown f an improved means forclosing the ends of the branch or cross pipes of the discharge orwashing pipes. Aside from the objection to the expense which is involvedin permanently closing the ends of these pipes by means of heads madeintegral with or permanently secured to the ends of the pipes it isdesirable that the ends of these pipes should be so closed that theclosure can be removed when occasion requires, so as to obtain access tothe interior of the pipes. For this purpose the ends of the pipes areprovided with removable anged heads b, which t snugly over the ends ofthe pipes and are held in position by means of tie-rods c, which passlengthwise through the pipes from end to end and through the heads,where they are provided with nuts d,

which can be tightened up so as to hold the two heads snugly against theends of the pipe.

What I claim is- 1. In a filter, the combination of a bed of cement orother suitable material within the lter-casing and a discharge orwashing pipe embedded therein and provided with openings upon itsexposed portions, substantially as described.

2. In a ilter, the combination of a bed of cement or other suitablematerial within the filter-casing, a discharge or washing pipe embeddedtherein and provided with openings upon its exposed portions, and asecond perforated pipe within said pipe, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

VILLIAM M. DEUTSCH.

Witnesses:

T. I-l. PALMER, J. J. KENNEDY.

